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大型体育赛事的风险控制：规避死伤责任事故的对策研究——以白银5·22越野赛事件为例

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  • 案例名称：

    大型体育赛事的风险控制：规避死伤责任事故的对策研究——以白银5·22越野赛事件为例

  • 案例作者：

    唐钧　 　

  • 作者单位：

    中国人民大学

  • 适用对象：

    本科,学术硕士,MPA,博士,

  • 入库时间：

    2021年07月06日

  • 专业分类：

    公共安全与应急管理

  • 案例类型：

    传统案例（经典案例）

  • 编写方式：

    采编

  • 语言：

    中文

  • 关键词：

    体育赛事、大型群众性活动、风险控制

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中文摘要：

大型体育赛事风险源繁杂、风险所有权分散，在特定情况下容易造成群死群伤，以白银5·22越野赛事件为例，此事件造成21名参赛选手死亡，8人受伤，应当加强大型体育赛事安全管理的风险防控，规避死伤责任事故。 本案例从风险管理的事前风险研判、事中应急处置、事后风险整改三个阶段深入剖析白银5·22越野赛事件中暴露出的风险管控问题，并为如何做好大型体育赛事的风险控制，规避死伤责任事故提出了八点对策：第一，事前要全面风险评估与整改，防范公共安全风险演变为死伤事故；第二，加强监测预警，及时触发应急响应机制，减少人员伤亡；第三，采取“熔断机制”等风险干预措施，防范事态升级演变；第四，提高参赛者研判能力和防范意识，减少危机决策的失误；第五，加强应急救援科学指挥、联动响应，及时开展应急救援；第六，真实客观进行突发事件新闻发布，消除社会恐慌，控制负面影响；第七，要依法依规、客观准确调查定损，从严从实追责问责；第八，落实风险制度整改，全面提升安全风险承受力。 本案例通过分析白银5·22越野赛中赛事组织方、参赛者、属地政府等相关方在风险治理事前、事中、事后流程中的不足，为管理者做好大型体育赛事风险管控，规避死伤责任事故提供对策。

英文摘要：

The risk sources of large-scale sports events are complex, and the risk ownership is scattered, which is easy to cause mass casualties in specific circumstances. Taking the Baiyin 5·22 cross-country event as an example, 21 contestants lost life in the and 8 people were injured in this event, so we should strengthen the risk prevention and control of safety management of large-scale sports events to avoid the liability accident of death and injury. This case deeply analyzes the risk control problems exposed in the Baiyin 5·22 cross-country event from three stages of risk management: Prior risk assessment, Emergency response and risk rectification after the event, and puts forward eight countermeasures for how to do a good job in risk control of large-scale sports events and avoid liability accidents of death and injury: First, comprehensive risk assessment and rectification in advance, Preventing the risk of public security from evolving into death and injury accidents; Second, strengthen monitoring and early warning, timely trigger the emergency response mechanism, and reduce casualties; Third, take "circuit breaker mechanism" and other risk intervention measures to prevent the situation from escalating and evolving; Fourth, improve the participants' ability of judgment and awareness of prevention, and reduce the mistakes in crisis decision-making; Fifth, strengthen the scientific command and linkage response of emergency rescue, and carry out emergency rescue in time; Sixthly, news release of emergencies should be carried out truly and objectively to eliminate social panic and control negative effects; Seventh, it is necessary to investigate and determine the loss objectively and accurately in accordance with the law and regulations, and pursue the responsibility strictly and practically; Eighth, implement the risk rectification system, and comprehensively improve the safety risk tolerance. This case analyzes the deficiencies of the organizers, participants, territorial Government and other relevant parties in the process of risk management before, during and after the Baiyin 5·22 cross-country race, so as to provide countermeasures for managers to do a good job in risk control of large-scale sports events，and avoid liability accidents of death and injury.