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“最后一公里”：破解中小企业融资难的焦作模式

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  • 案例名称：

    “最后一公里”：破解中小企业融资难的焦作模式

  • 案例作者：

    许光建

  • 作者单位：

    中国人民大学

  • 适用对象：

    本科,学术硕士,MPA,博士,其他,

  • 入库时间：

    2021年01月14日

  • 专业分类：

    政府治理与领导

  • 案例类型：

    传统案例（经典案例）

  • 编写方式：

    采编

  • 语言：

    中文

  • 关键词：

    中小微企业融资难；焦作模式；协同治理

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中文摘要：

中小微企业作为民营经济的重要组成部分，在促进我国经济增长、增加税收、解决就业等方面发挥了突出作用。但由于中小微企业规模较小、固定资产有限和信息不对称等原因，其融资问题成为了公认的难题。即使政府多次出台普惠金融政策，政府出台的一些优惠利好在基层依然无法落地。本案例描述了焦作市政府针对这一问题，通过顶层设计主动破解政府“信息孤岛”和银企信息不对称难题，整合社会资源，构建智慧金融服务平台，并在多方协同下，实现智慧金融服务平台的成功落地，打通中小微企业融资的“任督二脉”，形成了具有推广价值和可复制的“焦作模式”。焦作模式的可复制性，在于其理清了“政府-金融机构-企业”的关系，利用“大数据+AI”等手段整合政府信息资源，在政府主导下建立第三方平台，破解了金融机构和中小微企业之间的“风险诅咒”，将上游充沛的金融“资金水源”引流至干旱的中小微企业“田地”，通过协同治理有效提升了政府治理效能。

英文摘要：

As an important part of the private economy, small, medium and micro enterprises (SMEs) have been playing a prominent role in promoting China's economic growth, increasing taxation, and solving employment. However, the SMEs with small scale usually have limited fixed assets, added to asymmetric information of the market. Their financing problems have become a recognized problem. Even if the government has repeatedly introduced inclusive financial policies, the various preferential benefits still cannot be implemented at the grassroots level. This case describes the Jiaozuo government’s response to this problem by using reasonable policy design to actively solve the problem of government “information isolated-islands” and bank-enterprise information asymmetry, integrate social resources, build a smart financial service platform, and realize smart financial services under multi-party collaboration. The successful landing of the platform has opened the “two channels of responsibility and supervision” of financing for SMEs, forming a “Jiaozuo Model” with promotion value and replicable. The reproducibility of the Jiaozuo model lies in its clarification of the "government-financial institution-enterprise" relationship, the use of "big data + AI" and other means to integrate government information resources, and establish a third-party platform under the leadership of the government. The Jiaozuo model has broken the "risk curse" between financial institutions and small, medium and micro enterprises, and diverted the abundant financial "sources of funds" from upstream to arid "fields" of small, medium and micro enterprises, and effectively improved the efficiency of government governance through collaborative governance.